Processing Parameters’ Multi-objective Optimization for Compound Machining with Ultrasonic Vibration on SiC Monocrystal

AbstractBecause of SiC monocrystal belongs to difficult-to-process material, improving its processing quality and effect has great significance. This paper carries out a great deal of experimental research of compound processing with ultrasonic vibration on SiC monocrystal, and obtains important factors that influence processing result, i.e., based on relevant regularities of sawing force and processing parameters, processing parameter optimization model is established under the constraints of sawing force, wire saw life, and wire saw tensile stress. Solving the model by means of genetic algorithm, an optimum grouping of processing parameters is obtained. Research result indicates that this method could effectively obtain processing parameters under certain processing conditions, helps to enhance the processing efficiency of SiC monocrystal

Robust model of fresh jujube soluble solids content with near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy

A robust partial least square (PLS) calibration model with high accuracy and stability was established for the measurement of soluble solids content (SSC) of fresh jujube using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopytechnique. Fresh jujube samples were collected in different areas of Taigu and Taiyuan cities, central China in 2008 and 2009. A partial least squares (PLS) calibration model was established based on the NIR spectra of 70 fresh jujube samples collected in 2008. A good calibration result was obtained with correlation coefficient (Rc) of 0.9530 and the root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) of 0.3951 °Brix. Another PLS calibration model was established based on the NIR spectral of 180 samples collected in 2009; it resulted in the Rc of 0.8536 and the RMSEC of 1.1410 °Brix. It could be seen that the accuracy of established PLS models were different when samples harvested in different years were used for the model calibration. In order to improve the accuracy and robustness of model, different numbers (5, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 40) of samples harvested in 2008 were added to the calibration sample set of the model with samples harvested in 2009, respectively. The established PLS models obtained Rc with the range of 0.8846 to 0.8893 and RMSEC with the range of 1.0248 to 0.9645 °Brix. The obtained results werebetter than the result of the model which was established only with samples harvested in 2009. Moreover, the models established using different numbers of added samples had similar results. Therefore, it was concluded that adding samples from another harvest year could improve the accuracy and robustness of the model for SSC prediction of fresh jujube. The overall results proved that the consideration of samples from different harvest places and years would be useful for establishing an accuracy and robustness spectral model.Keywords: Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, Huping jujube, soluble solids content (SSC), partial least squares (PLS), accuracy, stabilit

Positive selection for the male functionality of a co-retroposed gene in the hominoids

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>New genes generated by retroposition are widespread in humans and other mammalian species. Usually, this process copies a single parental gene and inserts it into a distant genomic location. However, retroposition of two adjacent parental genes, <it>i.e</it>. co-retroposition, had not been reported until the hominoid chimeric gene, <it>PIPSL</it>, was identified recently. It was shown how two genes linked in tandem (phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase, type I, alpha, <it>PIP5K1A </it>and proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase, 4, <it>PSMD4</it>) could be co-retroposed from a single RNA molecule to form this novel chimeric gene. However, understanding of the origination and biological function of <it>PIPSL </it>requires determination of the coding potential of this gene as well as the evolutionary forces acting on its hominoid copies.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We tackled these problems by analyzing the evolutionary signature in both within-species variation and between species divergence in the sequence and structure of the gene. We revealed a significant evolutionary signature: the coding region has significantly lower sequence variation, especially insertions and deletions, suggesting that the human copy may encode a protein. Moreover, a survey across five different hominoid species revealed that all adaptive changes of <it>PSMD4</it>-derived regions occurred on branches leading to human and chimp rather than other hominoid lineages. Finally, computational analysis suggests testis-specific transcription of <it>PIPSL </it>is regulated by tissue-dependent methylation rather than some transcriptional leakage.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Therefore, this set of analyses showed that <it>PIPSL </it>is an extraordinary co-retroposed protein-coding gene that may participate in the male functions of humans and its close relatives.</p

INITIAL TRACE OF SOLUTIONS FOR A DOUBLY NONLINEAR DEGENERATE PARABOLIC EQUATIONS

In this note, we study the existence of an initial trace of nonnegative solutions for the following problem ut − div(| ▽um|p−2 ▽um) + uq = 0 in QT = × (0, T). We prove that the initial trace is an outer regular Borel measure, which may not be locally bounded for some values of parameters p, q, and m. We also study the corresponding Cauchy problems with a given generalized Borel measure as initial data

Correlation between serum esterase polymorphism and production performance of Yuxi fat-tailed sheep

The polymorphism of serum esterase (Es) of Henan Yuxi fat-tailed sheep was detected through polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), and the correlation between serum esterase and productivity was analyzed. The research result indicated that there are two alleles on the Es loci of Henan Yuxi fat-tailed sheep: Es+ and Es-. The gene frequencies of Es+ and Es- were 0.55 and 0.45, respectively. Besides, the frequencies of three genotypes (Es++, Es+- and Es--) are 0.425, 0.250 and 0.325, respectively. The recommended height of Es++ genotype is significantly higher than that of Es+- genotype (P&lt;0.05), but the above two produce indistinctive difference in recommended height with Es-- genotype (P&gt;0.05). The chest circumference of Es++ genotype is significantly higher than that of Es-- (P&lt;0.05), but the above two produce indistinctive difference in chest circumference with Es+- genotype (P&gt;0.05). Es exerts no significant impact on other indexes (P&gt;0.05).Keywords: Henan Yuxi fat-tailed sheep, serum esterase (Es), polymorphismAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(9), pp. 986-98

From \u3cem\u3eJ\u3c/em\u3e\u3csub\u3eeff\u3c/sub\u3e=1/2 Insulator to \u3cem\u3ep\u3c/em\u3e-Wave Superconductor in Single-Crystal Sr\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eIr\u3csub\u3e1−\u3cem\u3ex\u3c/em\u3e\u3c/sub\u3eRu\u3csub\u3e\u3cem\u3ex\u3c/em\u3e\u3c/sub\u3eO4 (0≤\u3cem\u3ex\u3c/em\u3e≤1)

Sr2IrO4 is a magnetic insulator assisted by strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) whereas Sr2RuO4 is a p-wave superconductor. The contrasting ground states have been shown to result from the critical role of the strong SOC in the iridate. Our investigation of structural, transport, and magnetic properties reveals that substituting 4dRu4+(4d4) ions for 5dIr4+(5d5) ions in Sr2IrO4 directly adds holes to the t2g bands, reduces the SOC, and thus rebalances the competing energies in single-crystal Sr2Ir1−xRuxO4. A profound effect of Ru doping driving a rich phase diagram is a structural phase transition from a distorted I41/acd to a more ideal I4/mmm tetragonal structure near x=0.50 that accompanies a phase transition from an antiferromagnetic-insulating state to a paramagnetic-metal state. We also make a comparison with Rh-doped Sr2IrO4, highlighting important similarities and differences

Poly[penta­kis­(μ-cyanido-κ2 N:C)tris­(5-phenyl-2,2′-bipyridine-κ2 N,N′)penta­copper(I)]

The hydro­thermal reaction of Cu(acetate)2 and K3[Fe(CN)6] with 5-phenyl-2,2′-bipyridine (5-ph-2,2′-bpy) in water yields the polymeric title complex, [Cu5(CN)5(C16H12N2)3]n, which consists of ribbons along the a axis, constructed from 26-membered {Cu10(CN)8} rings. In these rings, the metal atoms are bridged by cyanide groups, except for one close Cu⋯Cu contact [2.7535 (12) Å], which can be considered as ligand-unsupported. Within the rings, one Cu atom has a distorted tetra­hedral geometry through the coordination to two N atoms from 5-ph-2,2′-bpy and two N/C atoms from two cyanide groups. Two Cu atoms have a trigonal planar environment being coordinated by three cyanide groups and two other Cu atoms have a distorted square planar geometry through coordination to two N atoms from 5-ph-2,2′-bpy and two N/C atoms from two cyanide groups

Anaerobic copper toxicity and iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis in Escherichia coli

© 2017 American Society for Microbiology. While copper is an essential trace element in biology, pollution of groundwater from copper has become a threat to all living organisms. Cellular mechanisms underlying copper toxicity, however, are still not fully understood. Previous studies have shown that iron-sulfur proteins are among the primary targets of copper toxicity in Escherichia coli under aerobic conditions. Here, we report that, under anaerobic conditions, iron-sulfur proteins in E. coli cells are even more susceptible to copper in medium. Whereas addition of 0.2 mM copper(II) chloride to LB (Luria-Bertani) medium has very little or no effect on iron-sulfur proteins in wild-type E. coli cells under aerobic conditions, the same copper treatment largely inactivates iron-sulfur proteins by blocking iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis in the cells under anaerobic conditions. Importantly, proteins that do not have iron-sulfur clusters (e.g., fumarase C and cysteine desulfurase) in E. coli cells are not significantly affected by copper treatment under aerobic or anaerobic conditions, indicating that copper may specifically target iron-sulfur proteins in cells. Additional studies revealed that E. coli cells accumulate more intracellular copper under anaerobic conditions than under aerobic conditions and that the elevated copper content binds to the iron-sulfur cluster assembly proteins IscU and IscA, which effectively inhibits iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis. The results suggest that the copper-mediated inhibition of iron-sulfur proteins does not require oxygen and that iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis is the primary target of anaerobic copper toxicity in cells

Computational genomics in the era of precision medicine: Applications to variant analysis and gene therapy

Rapid methodological advances in statistical and computational genomics have enabled researchers to better identify and interpret both rare and common variants responsible for complex human diseases. As we continue to see an expansion of these advances in the field, it is now imperative for researchers to understand the resources and methodologies available for various data types and study designs. In this review, we provide an overview of recent methods for identifying rare and common variants and understanding their roles in disease etiology. Additionally, we discuss the strategy, challenge, and promise of gene therapy. As computational and statistical approaches continue to improve, we will have an opportunity to translate human genetic findings into personalized health care

Using MemTrax memory test to screen for post-stroke cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundWhereas the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Addenbrooke’s cognitive examination-revised (ACE-R) are commonly used tests for the detection of post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI), these instruments take 10–30 min to administer and do not assess processing speed, which is a critical impairment in PSCI. MemTrax (MTx) is a continuous recognition test, which evaluates complex information processing, accuracy, speed, and attention, in 2 min.AimTo evaluate whether MTx is an effective and practical tool for PSCI assessment.MethodsThis study enrolled acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients who have assessed the cognitive status including MTx, clinical dementia rating (CDR), MoCA, Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin scale (mRS), and Barthel Index of activity of daily living (BI) combined with the physical examinations of the neurologic system at the 90-day (D90) after the AIS. The primary endpoint of this study was establishing MTx cut-offs for distinguishing PSCI from AIS.ResultsOf the 104 participants, 60 were classified to the PSCI group. The optimized cut-off value of MTx-%C (percent correct) was 78%, with a sensitivity and specificity for detecting PSCI from Non-PSCI of 90.0 and 84.1%, respectively, and an AUC of 0.919. Regarding the MTx-Cp (Composite score = MTx-%C/MTx-RT), using 46.3 as a cut-off value, the sensitivity and specificity for detecting PSCI from Non-PSCI were 80.0 and 93.2%, with an AUC of 0.925. Multivariate linear regression showed that PSCI reduced the MTx-%C (Coef. −14.18, 95% CI −18.41∼−9.95, p &lt; 0.001) and prolonged the MTx-RT (response time) (Coef. 0.29, 95% CI 0.16∼0.43, p &lt; 0.001) and reduced the MTx-CP (Coef. −19.11, 95% CI −24.29∼−13.93, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionMemTrax (MTx) is valid and effective for screening for PSCI among target patients and is a potentially valuable and practical tool in the clinical follow-up, monitoring, and case management of PSCI